the verses of the Qur'an that speak of Man
Man is a problem that is not inexhaustible for discussion. The most fundamental question of philosophy today is the question of man himself. Who is man? When and why was he there? How should the perfect man? All the questions that continue to be human problems studied in various psychological perspectives, sociological, biological, and other studies.
In various schools of psychology, such as psychoanalysis (classical) Sigmund Freud, looking at human behavior is heavily influenced past, unconscious, biological drives are always demanding pleasure to be fulfilled. Thus do not be surprised if psikonalisa assume human nature is bad, wild, cruel, dark, non-ethical, selfish, full of lust, and oriented to physical pleasure. While the flow of human behavioral or behavioral regard is essentially neutral, good or bad behavior detracted from the effect of the situation and treatment experienced. As with the humanistic stream that has the assumption that humans are basically having a good potential, a minimum of more good than bad and therefore this flow sees Man as a creature who has authority over her own life.
Many of the things that distinguishes between the Islamic conception with all the psychological theories. Islam in view of man is not deterministic, as the flow of psychoanalysis, is not merely shape the personality through the environment (behavioral), also does not give full freedom to the people to follow all his personal desires (humanistic). However, Islam gives glory to man as the most noble creature, which is a replacement position of God on earth. Humans also have the best shape of all of its creatures and have the power to change their own condition himself. Here are some verses that describe this.
1. Man As Caliph.
وإذ قال ربك للملائكة إني جاعل في الأرض خليفة
"Remember when your Lord said to the angels:" I am going to make a vicegerent on earth. "(Al-Baqarah: 30)
Man as God's caliph fil ardhi be representative of God on earth, which holds the mandate of God to manifest prosperity in the face of the earth. The powers given to man is creative, which allows humans to manage and utilize what is in the earth, for the benefit of his life. Thus this means he was entrusted to manage the earth and therefore must know the ins and outs of the earth, or at least have the potential to find out.
Position of man as God's caliph or substitute on earth criticized by angels because they are - human beings - has the potential to make mischief in the land. But God confirms that the angels do not know about humans, and humans menunujukkan ability to name names. With this capability, which means also the ability to take the initiative, so humans are not only potentially damaging but also have the potential to do good
The story of man's creation in the form of handover "caliphate on earth", to humans, according to Fazlur Rahman protest tinged with the angels and said: "Do you want to put someone who would do injustice on earth and will shed blood, while we always praise thy greatness and Purity? God does not deny their charges against the man, but he replied: 'I know things you do not know ". Then God made the competition among the angels to Adam: who among them greater knowledge. And this competition was won by humans who are able to name while angels are not able to do so. This statement shows that the man (Adam) can have creative knowledge. After that, then God sent the angels to prostrate to man (Adam).
Position of man as vicegerent of Allah is the moral responsibility of man to God that should be a challenge for people to realize their role to become the ruler of the earth with a divine mission. God gives to man who is not a privilege granted to other creatures is a mind, and freedom to will. All of the above, a model of self-confidence that he is a creature of the most special of all other creatures and will embody a moral social order in the top of the world in accordance with its purpose in the world of worship.
2.Manusia As Best creature.
لقد خلقنا الإنسان في أحسن تقويم
"We have indeed created man in the best possible shape. (At-Tin: 4)
Ibn Kathir explains that God created man in the most perfect creature in terms of shape and appearance. every human being born on earth is the best thing in the hundreds of millions of other competitors who will be born into the earth.
Everyone who is born into the earth will fight vying to face hundreds of millions of other competitors to get to the destination (to faloppi tube or oviduct) to be able to reach the ovary. With their tireless swim a few millimeters to pass a trip filled with high mortality. In the course of the sperm towards the ovaries is only a few thousand who could complete the journey and this is just one of thousands that will be successful sperm enters the egg and fertilize it. if people realize this incident by observing and taking ibroh behind the incident, every individual should feel proud of themselves and have confidence because it is the best thing and was chosen among hundreds of millions of others to carry out the mandate as the Caliph of Allah.
The following verse which commands men to pay attention to the process of creation of the show about the creation of man:
فلينظر الإنسان مم خلق (5) خلق من ماء دافق (6) يخرج من بين الصلب والترائب
Now let man notice of what he created? He is created from water that glows, emerging from between the backbone and the chest. (At-Tariq: 5-7)
In interpreting this verse, Muhammad Abduh interprets that it is a testament to the truth in the previous paragraph which states that man is always maintained and cared for by God. It is given that "water springing" is one of the liquid that no painted or formed in it various equipment containing functions of life, which is aa seeperti in various parts of the body. However, "this fluid" it can grow into a perfect creature, the man who is full of life, sense and perception, as well as having the potential to carry out the caliphate on earth. Formation and determination of each component available to him, as well as the creation of various members of the body in which instilled a certain potential, so that with it he was able to carry out its functions, and then coupled with the intellect and power of perception: it's not all may be left without a "guard "who supervise and arrange namely God.
This verse can be meaningful or as a confirmation previous paragraph: "when have you know that every soul must be supervising the obligatory upon every human being to not abandon himself." Wajiblah he thinks about the incident itself and how the beginning it happened. So that it can be concluded that the power of God who created them from the first, certainly also the power to resurrect again later. Such awareness will encourage him to do good deeds and behave as well as possible, and keep away from the various street crime. For the eyes of the Controller is not the slightest careless. This awareness that must be possessed by every individual to know the nature of her to be able to do what the appropriate action ordered by the creator.
3. The Human Beings Changer
إن الله لا يغير ما بقوم حتى يغيروا ما بأنفسهم
"Allah does not change the state of a people so that they change the existing situation on themselves. (Ar-Ra'du: 11)
In Jalalain explained that God would not rob the joy of a man though he did immoral. It can occur in empirical reality of people who do not believe in Allah success in the mundane. While al-Qurtubi explains that in this verse Allah would not change a people unless there is a change in themselves, or others who observe them, or some of the them. This verse does not mean that people who do not commit sin will not get any disaster or doom because they never committed sin. As the Prophet said: when asked if people are virtuous it will be destroyed? The answer: true, when a lot of damage in the community of all this shows that humans have the potential to turn towards goodness or badness. Human domination which has a negative value of the pious people who are not able to do anything about it would result in all of the affected or disaster that struck the people.
The following will describe and explain the author of Eid Sermon Amin Rais, entitled: Building Confidence. According to Amin current Indonesian nation experienced a slump in various fields of life. To get out of that slump, Muslims as part of the nation still had to hone and sharpen our piety to God. In turn when piety more stable then, God willing, the greater the confidence, self-confidence, or at-tsiqah 'ala an-nafs Indonesian nation.
As a great nation is now the nation of Indonesia are in a no-confidence, even sometimes like to confusion. Here is evidence of self-confidence that explain it:
Look at how we felt it was no longer able to improve our economy with reasonable, energy, power and creativity of our own. Instead, we leave it entirely fate of our economy to a body of international monetary fund. Whereas international agencies were not capable to improve the economy of Indonesia.
Look how initially established a body weeks to nourish our banking and various state enterprises. But in its development agency has now become the auctioneer national assets. Why? Because we do not believe can improve the ability of state-owned company and our common sense. Stance taken then is selling only a wide range of state-owned enterprises, the end of it. Indeed, his case run out because we became a nation waiter serving foreign interests.
Look at how we do not even dare to lift our heads look theft Indonesian soil and sand that has lasted nearly two decades. Some islands in the Riau Islands is gone because it was moved and attached to a neighboring country through the process of reclamation. It seems that we do not dare just rebuke, even insinuating the neighboring countries in order to stop the looting of soil, sand and water us. Masha Allah.
See also how we treat our natural resources God provides us the nation of Indonesia. How many contracts of work in the field of petroleum, natural gas, gold, silver, copper and various miniral our wealth, which is extremely favorable foreign parties and quite harmful, even devastating to the nation itself. Why? Because we reasoned do not have the capital, has no managerial ability, do not have anything to manage the gift and grace of the natural wealth with our own hands.
Therefore every individual, the leaders and people of the whole, must strive to restore the confidence that is now gone. The need for an effort to rediscover and strengthen the confidence of the nation of Indonesia. Any nation, it is impossible to rely on the recovery of the economic, social, political, legal, education and others solely on foreign powers. Impossible there is one nation that would bother and sacrifice for other nations.
That's why the word of God needs to be re-emphasized in the letter ar-Ra'du verse 11: "... Allah will not change the fate of a nation, except the people themselves who take their destiny". Also the word of God in the letter of al-Anfal verse 53: "... Thus Allah will never change the enjoyment of which is given to a nation, but the nation itself that change ..."
The process of change as described above will not be realized if the man himself does not want to change it. Indeed, the challenges being faced is heavy like a walk in the hills and very steep climb. Foreign proverb says, when the going gets tough, the toughs gets going. This means that when a difficult journey more difficult it will keep moving.
Excerpt from the sermon Eid Amin Rais on the above, it is important and needs to be examined so that all parties can realize that having the confidence to be able to change the condition of this nation itself is an obligation for the entire nation of Indonesia. Changes of no confidence to the confidence should begin with knowing how the human conception of the true self.
Rif'at Syauqi Nawawi explains the picture of the Koran were positive about the man:
Man is the vicegerent of God on earth. Compared with other creatures, humans have the highest intelligence capacity. Humans have a tendency to be close to God. Humans, in nature, has a collection of sublime celestial element, which is different from the physical elements that exist in animals, plants and objects are lifeless. The elements that constitute a compound between the real world and the metaphysical, between sense and non-sense (material), between body and soul. Human creation really have taken into account carefully, not by chance. Therefore, humans are creatures of choice. Humans are free and independent. They were entrusted by God, endowed with the treatise is revealed through the prophet, and blessed with a sense of responsibility. They were instructed to make a living on earth with the initiative and efforts of their own, they were free to choose welfare or misery for him. Endowed with noble human nature and dignity. God, in fact, has endowed man with an edge over other creatures. Humans will appreciate themselves only if they are able to feel the glory and dignity, and they want to escape from the pettiness of humility mind, servitude and lust. Humans have a moral consciousness. They can distinguish good from evil through pure inspiration that is on them. The human soul will never be peaceful, except the remembrance of Allah. Their desire is not limited, they are never satisfied with what they have acquired. On the other hand, they are more eager to be elevated to the direction of transportation with God Eternal. All forms of earthly gifts are created for the benefit of mankind. Thus, the human right to exploit it all in a lawful manner. God created human beings to worship Him, submissive to Him, and the primary responsibility for them. Man is not merely touched by any worldly motivations. In other words, the needs of the senses is not the only stimulus for him. Moreover, they always strive to achieve the ideals and aspirations are more valuable in their lives. In many cases, people do not pursue one goal except hope the good pleasure of Allah.
The various explanations about the positive aspects of man is revealed in the Qur'an does not mean there are verses that talk about the negative side of human beings, but the verses that talk about the negative side of human beings should be understood that all it shows some human weakness should avoid it. Such texts will not be described in this study. Because this study will focus on the positive side of human beings to be able to think positively about themselves and become self-confident person.
